Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University opened its doors to women and men in 1975 with two pioneering colleges, the College of Medicine and the College of Architecture. Almost four decades later this academic institution has grown into a leading research university with 21 colleges spread throughout the Eastern Province and a student population of over 45,000. As a preeminent research-based institution, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University continues to grow and develop, continually assessing and improving its curricula and expanding its academic capabilities in all disciplines, while at the same time engaging the public in addressing environmental and community challenges.
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Reconstruction of Infected Mediastinal Wound with an Omental Flap Harvested Laparoscopically After Cardiac Surgery: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
(2023) Alshammasi, Z. H.; Saeed Jaafar AlShomimi; AlAbbad, A.; Alkhalifa, A. A.; Sahwan, A.; Alshomimi, S.
BACKGROUND: Deep sternal wound infection and dehiscence are two serious complications after open cardiac surgery. Omental flap harvesting is recognized as one of the management options, with traditionally non-favorable outcomes due to laparotomy stress on patients. OBJECTIVE: Herein, however, we report our experience with two patients who have developed a mediastinal wound infection following coronary artery bypass grafting and were reconstructed with omental flaps harvested laparoscopically. CASE PRESENTATION: Two 74-year-old females, who were known to have multiple comorbidities, developed a sternal wound infection after coronary artery bypass graft. Several operative trials and non-operative measures have been attempted to manage the infections and/or reconstruct the wound but failed. Both patients then underwent laparoscopic omental flap harvesting for reconstruction and exhibited significant clinical improvement postoperatively. DISCUSSION: Omental flap is considered a feasible option for reconstruction of sternal wound dehiscence developing after open cardiac surgery because it is usually well-vascularized, contains a large number of immunologically active cells and has the ability to absorb wound secretions. The traditional method of harvesting is conventional laparotomy, but it carries high rates of morbidity. Therefore, laparoscopic harvesting can be utilized as an alternative with better outcomes. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic omental flap harvesting is considered a feasible and safe procedure to manage sternal wound dehiscence after open cardiac surgery, with satisfactory surgical outcomes.
The Utilization of Pediatric Hip Spica Tables Among Orthopedic Surgeons: Locally Customized versus Company-Manufactured (Cross-Sectional Study)
(2023) Hadeel Almulhim; Almulhim, H.; Alabdulqader, S.; Almutairi, D. S.; Danah Alrusayyis; Ammar Alomran; Alumran, A.
BACKGROUND: Hip spica tables are widely used among pediatric orthopedic surgeons to maintain the hip position during cast application and drying processes for a better outcome. Locally customized spica tables can be a significant concern if their limitations significantly interfere with the quality of care. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the current practice of pediatric hip spica table application among hospitals in the GCC countries and report comprehensive data that help surgeons enhance their practice. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on pediatric orthopedic surgeons using a self-administered Online Questionnaire. The respondents were grouped as those using locally customized tables, where further information about the material and characteristics were collected, and those using company manufactured tables. Both groups answered analytical questions related to their current practice of hip spica tables. RESULTS: Sixty-three surgeons completed the survey. More than half the physicians in this study are using locally customized spica tables (n= 41, 65%). Compared to company-manufactured tables, locally customized tables were associated with a higher rate of difficulties when taking an X-ray, when the patient weighs more than 50.0 kg, and with anesthesia, although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Obtaining a good quality spica table at a suitable price is a primary obstacle pediatric orthopedic surgeons face. This study shows no statistically significant difference between locally customized and company-manufactured tables regarding the outcomes and that spica tables have room for development to optimize their utilization.
A putative cytotoxic serine protease from Salmonella typhimurium UcB5 recovered from undercooked burger
(2023) Kotb, Essam; El-Nogoumy, Baher A.; Alqahtani, Haifa A.; Ahmed, Asmaa A.; Haifa A. Alqahtani; Algarudi, Sakina M.; Almahasheer, Hanan
A putative virulence exoprotease designated as UcB5 was successfully purified from the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium to the electrophoretic homogeneity with 13.2-fold and 17.1% recovery by hydrophobic, ion-exchange, and gel permeation chromatography using Phenyl-Sepharose 6FF, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, and Sephadex G-75, respectively. By applying SDS-PAGE, the molecular weight was confirmed at 35 kDa. The optimal temperature, pH, and isoelectric point were 35 °C, 8.0, 5.6 ± 0.2, respectively. UcB5 was found to have a broad substrate specificity against almost all the tested chromogenic substrates with maximal affinity against N-Succ-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA achieving Km of 0.16 mM, Kcat/Km of 3.01 × 105 S−1 M−1, and amidolytic activity of 28.9 µmol min−1 L−1. It was drastically inhibited by TLCK, PMSF, SBTI, and aprotinin while, DTT, β-mercaptoethanol, 2,2′-bipyridine, o-phenanthroline, EDTA, and EGTA had no effect, which suggested a serine protease-type. Also, it has shown a broad substrate specificity against a broad range of natural proteins including serum proteins. A cytotoxicity and electron microscopy study revealed that UcB5 could cause subcellular proteolysis that finally led to liver necrosis. For this, future research should focus on using a combination of external antiproteases and antimicrobial agents for the treatment of microbial diseases instead of using drugs alone.
Genomic Landscape of Multidrug Resistance and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis IRMC827A from a Long-Term Patient
(2023) Rahaf Khalid Al-Quwaie; AlJindan, Reem; Razan Aldahhan; Alquwaie, Rahaf; J. Francis Borgio; Reem AlJindan; AlEraky, Doaa M.; Noor Barak Almandil; Sayed AbdulAzeez; Doaa Mostafa AlEraky
We report on a highly virulent, multidrug-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis IRMC827A that was found colonizing a long-term male patient at a tertiary hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The E. faecalis IRMC827A strain carries several antimicrobial drug resistance genes and harbours mobile genetic elements such as Tn6009, which is an integrative conjugative element that can transfer resistance genes between bacteria and ISS1N via an insertion sequence. Whole-genome-sequencing-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing on strains from faecal samples revealed that the isolate E. faecalis IRMC827A is highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics, including tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, dalfopristin, virginiamycin, pristinamycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, trimethoprim, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. The isolate IRMC827A carries several virulence factors that are significantly associated with adherence, biofilm formation, sortase-assembled pili, manganese uptake, antiphagocytosis, and spreading factor of multidrug resistance. The isolate also encompasses two mutations (G2576T and G2505A) in the 23S rRNA gene associated with linezolid resistance and three more mutations (gyrA p.S83Y, gyrA p.D759N and parC p.S80I) of the antimicrobial resistance phenotype. The findings through next-generation sequencing on the resistome, mobilome and virulome of the isolate in the study highlight the significance of monitoring multidrug-resistant E. faecalis colonization and infection in hospitalized patients. As multidrug-resistant E. faecalis is a serious pathogen, it is particularly difficult to treat and can cause fatal infections. It is important to have quick and accurate diagnostic tests for multidrug-resistant E. faecalis, to track the spread of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis in healthcare settings, and to improve targeted interventions to stop its spread. Further research is necessary to develop novel antibiotics and treatment strategies for multidrug-resistant E. faecalis infections.
Pulsed laser ablation-mediated facile fabrication of MoO3/TiO2/rGO nanocomposite as a photocatalyst for dye degradation
(2024) Umar Alhajri; Elsayed, Khaled A.; Manda, Abdullah A.; Haladu, Shamsuddeen A.; Shamsuddeen A. Haladu; Tarek Said Kayed; Kayed, T. S.; Çevik, Emre; Alhajri, Umar; Ercan, İsmail; Drmosh, Q. A.; Elhassan, A.
In this work, for the first time, the MoO3/TiO2/rGO nanocomposites with different weight ratios of rGO (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were fabricated using pulsed laser ablation technique. The as-fabricated nanocomposites were employed for photodegradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under UV light irradiation. The morphological, structural, and chemical properties of the fabricated photocatalysts were characterized using XRD, TEM, SEM, UV-DRS, XPS, FTIR, TGA, DSC, and PL. Comparative experimental studies displayed that MoO3/TiO2/rGO nanocomposites fabricated with 5% rGO showed the highest photocatalytic degradation (95%) of MB under UV irradiation. This superior photocatalytic performance could be ascribed to the narrow bandgap of the fabricated nanocomposites as well as the synergistic effect of the three components.