Browsing by Author "AlEraky, Doaa M."

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Antibiofilm Activity of 3D-Printed Nanocomposite Resin: Impact of ZrO2 Nanoparticles
(2023) Abdulrahman Khattar Alanzi; Alghafli, Jawad A.; Muheef, Mohammed A.; Husain muneer Mohammed Alshoalah; Al-Dubays, Mohammed A.; Mohammed Gad; Doaa AlEraky; Khan, Soban Q.; AlEraky, Doaa M.; Gad, Mohammed M.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a commonly used material, as it is biocompatible and relatively cheap. However, its mechanical properties and weak antibiofilm activity are major concerns. With the development of new technology, 3D-printed resins are emerging as replacements for PMMA. Few studies have investigated the antibiofilm activity of 3D-printed resins. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm activity and surface roughness of a 3D-printed denture base resin modified with different concentrations of zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs). A total of 60 resin disc specimens (15 × 2 mm) were fabricated and divided into six groups (n = 10). The groups comprised a heat-polymerized resin (PMMA) group, an unmodified 3D-printed resin (NextDent) group, and four 3D-printed resin groups that were modified with ZrO2 NPs at various concentrations (0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%). All specimens were polished using a conventional method and then placed in a thermocycler machine for 5000 cycles. Surface roughness (Ra, µm) was measured using a non-contact profilometer. The adhesion of Candida albicans (C. albicans) was measured using a fungal adhesion assay that consisted of a colony forming unit assay and a cell proliferation assay. The data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk and Kruskal–Wallis tests. A Mann–Whitney U test was used for pairwise comparison, and p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The lowest Ra value (0.88 ± 0.087 µm) was recorded for the PMMA group. In comparison to the PMMA group, the 3% ZrO2 NPs 3D-printed group showed a significant increase in Ra (p < 0.025). For the 3D-printed resins, significant differences were found between the groups with 0% vs. 3% ZrO2 NPs and 3% vs. 5% ZrO2 NPs (p < 0.025). The highest Ra value (0.96 ± 0.06 µm) was recorded for the 3% ZrO2 NPs group, and the lowest Ra values (0.91 ± 0.03 µm) were recorded for the 0.5% and 5% ZrO2 NPs groups. In terms of antifungal activity, the cell proliferation assay showed a significant decrease in the C. albicans count for the 0.5% ZrO2 NPs group when compared with PMMA and all other groups of 3D-printed resins. The group with the lowest concentration of ZrO2 NPs (0.5%) showed the lowest level of C. albicans adhesion of all the tested groups and showed the lowest Candida count (0.29 ± 0.03). The addition of ZrO2 NPs in low concentrations did not affect the surface roughness of the 3D-printed resins. These 3D-printed resins with low concentrations of nanocomposites could be used as possible materials for the prevention and treatment of denture stomatitis, due to their antibiofilm activities.
Assessment of Bacterial Sealing Ability of Two Different Bio-Ceramic Sealers in Single-Rooted Teeth Using Single Cone Obturation Technique: An In Vitro Study
(2023) Doaa Mostafa AlEraky; Rahoma, Ahmed M.; Abuohashish, Hatem M.; AlQasser, Abdullh; AlHamali, Abbas; Abbas Ali Abbas AlHamali; AlShoalah, Hussain M.; Hussain Mohammed A Al Hussain; Zakrya hussain ali alsaghah; Rifaat, Shimaa
The long-term success of root canal treatment requires the prevention of bacterial leakage between canal walls and root canal obturation. In this study, we compared the leakage of Enterococcus faecalis in thirty single-rooted mandibular premolars divided into three groups. The roots in two experimental groups were obturated using a single-cone obturation technique with two different bio-ceramic sealers (MTA Fillapex and CeraSeal) while the roots in the conventional group were obturated using the lateral condensation technique with an epoxy resin sealer (AH Plus). A bacterial leakage test was carried out using a modified microbial leakage model. In the MTA Fillapex group, 30% of the specimens showed a positive sign for bacterial leakage, while 80% of samples in the CeraSeal group leaked. In the AH Plus group, 50% of specimens had bacterial leakage in the canals. The variation of the average number of days between the groups was not found to be significantly different. Taken together, bio-ceramic sealers with single-cone obturation demonstrated comparable results to the resin-based sealer with lateral condensation technique in terms of sealing efficiency against Enterococcus faecalis. Additionally, MTA Fillapex could provide a better sealing ability than CeraSeal bio-ceramic sealer.
Genomic Landscape of Multidrug Resistance and Virulence in Enterococcus faecalis IRMC827A from a Long-Term Patient
(2023) Rahaf Khalid Al-Quwaie; AlJindan, Reem; Razan Aldahhan; Alquwaie, Rahaf; J. Francis Borgio; Reem AlJindan; AlEraky, Doaa M.; Noor Barak Almandil; Sayed AbdulAzeez; Doaa Mostafa AlEraky
We report on a highly virulent, multidrug-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis IRMC827A that was found colonizing a long-term male patient at a tertiary hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The E. faecalis IRMC827A strain carries several antimicrobial drug resistance genes and harbours mobile genetic elements such as Tn6009, which is an integrative conjugative element that can transfer resistance genes between bacteria and ISS1N via an insertion sequence. Whole-genome-sequencing-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing on strains from faecal samples revealed that the isolate E. faecalis IRMC827A is highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics, including tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, dalfopristin, virginiamycin, pristinamycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, trimethoprim, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. The isolate IRMC827A carries several virulence factors that are significantly associated with adherence, biofilm formation, sortase-assembled pili, manganese uptake, antiphagocytosis, and spreading factor of multidrug resistance. The isolate also encompasses two mutations (G2576T and G2505A) in the 23S rRNA gene associated with linezolid resistance and three more mutations (gyrA p.S83Y, gyrA p.D759N and parC p.S80I) of the antimicrobial resistance phenotype. The findings through next-generation sequencing on the resistome, mobilome and virulome of the isolate in the study highlight the significance of monitoring multidrug-resistant E. faecalis colonization and infection in hospitalized patients. As multidrug-resistant E. faecalis is a serious pathogen, it is particularly difficult to treat and can cause fatal infections. It is important to have quick and accurate diagnostic tests for multidrug-resistant E. faecalis, to track the spread of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis in healthcare settings, and to improve targeted interventions to stop its spread. Further research is necessary to develop novel antibiotics and treatment strategies for multidrug-resistant E. faecalis infections.
Potential Antigenic Candidates for the Development of Peptide-Based Vaccines to Induce Immunization against Helicobacter pylori Infection in BALB/c Mice
(2022) Doaa Aleraky; Hatem Abuohashish; Bugshan, Amr S.; Maha Abdelsalam; Fatimah AlDossary; AlKhamis, Taleb T.; AlDossary, Fatimah A.; Alrayes, Nabras M.; Ragab, Yasser M.; AbdelKhalek, Zeinab; Helmy, Omneya M.; Ramadan, Mohammed A.
The Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities of Caffeine against Candida albicans on Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Material
(2022) Muneer H. Alshuyukh; Abuohashish, Hatem M.; Gad, Mohammed M.; Mohammed M. Gad; Amr S. Bugshan; Almulhim, Khalid S.; Mahmoud, Maha M.
Background: In this study, the effect of pure caffeine was established against Candida albicans (C. albicans) using different microbiological techniques. Methods: Broth microdilution and colony forming units (CFUs) assays were used to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The Live/Dead fluorescent dyes were implemented to determine the yeast viability. Polymethyl methacrylate acrylic resin (PMMA) discs were prepared to evaluate caffeine’s effects against adherent C. albicans using microplate reader, CFUs, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: caffeine’s MIC was detected around 30 mg/mL, while the MFC was considered at 60 mg/mL. In an agar-well diffusion test, the inhibition zones were wider in caffeine groups. The Live/Dead viability test verified caffeine’s antifungal effects. The optical density of the adherent C. albicans on PMMA discs were lower at 620 nm or 410 nm in caffeine groups. CFU count was also reduced by caffeine treatments. SEM revealed the lower adherent C. albicans count in caffeine groups. The effect of caffeine was dose-dependent at which the 60 mg/mL dose demonstrated the most prominent effect. Conclusion: The study reinforced caffeine’s antifungal and antibiofilm properties and suggested it as an additive, or even an alternative, disinfectant solution for fungal biofilms on denture surfaces.