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Browsing by Author "Alghamdi, Ahmed"

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    Isolation and Detection of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens in Postoperative Wound Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia
    (2023) Al-Said, Hamdi M.; Alghamdi, Ahmed; Ashgar, Sami S.; Jalal, Naif A.; Faidah, Hani S.; Johargy, Ayman K.; Momenah, Aiman M.; Barhameen, Abeer A.; Hariri, Sumyya H.; Bantun, Farkad; Althobiany, Essa; Khidir, Elshiekh B.
    Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs), especially when caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, are a major healthcare concern worldwide. For optimal treatment and prevention of antimicrobial resistance, it is important for clinicians to be aware of local drug-resistant bacterial pathogens that cause SSIs. Objective: To determine the frequency patterns of drug-resistant bacterial strains causing SSIs at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Microbiology laboratory of Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, and included wound swab samples from all cases of SSI between January 01, 2017, and December 31, 2021. The swabs were processed for the identification of bacterial strains and their resistance pattern to antibiotics according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: A total of 5409 wound swabs were analyzed, of which 3604 samples (66.6%) were from male. Most samples were from the Department of Surgery (43.3%). A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated, of which 9 were Gram-negative bacteria. The most common isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). In terms of MDR in 2021, the highest rate of carbapenem-resistance was in A. baumannii (97%). MDR was as follows: A. baumannii, 97%; K. pneumoniae, 81%; E. coli, 71%; MRSA, 60%; P. aeruginosa, 33%; VRE, 22%; and VRSA, 2%. Conclusion: This study showed that in the city of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, the rates of MDR bacteria are high, with the majority being Gram-negative.
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    Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cytomegalovirus Colitis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Tertiary Center Experience
    (2023) Alotaibi, Yazeed; AlLehibi, Abed; Almtawa, Abdullah; Alotaibi, Nawaf; Alghamdi, Adel; Alrajhi, Saad; AlQutub, Adel; AlEid, Ahmad; Alamr, Abdulrhman; Ibrahim, Bashaar Al; Alahmari, Mohammed; Alhamidi, Hussam; Ahmad, Shameem; Alshammari, Fouad; Almotawa, Fahad; Altannir, Youssef; Alghamdi, Ahmed
    Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis because of their immunocompromised status. There are no studies from Saudi Arabia regarding the prevalence of CMV colitis in patients with IBD. Objective: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of CMV colitis in patients with IBD in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD (aged 14–75 years) who were followed up at King Fahad Medical City, a referral care center in Riyadh, between January 2016 and December 2021; patients with indeterminate colitis or incomplete medical records were excluded. Results: A total of 341 patients with IBD were included, of which 236 (72.2%) had Crohn’s disease (CD) and 105 (27.8%) had ulcerative colitis (UC). Qualitative CMV PCR was done for 192 patients (60 UC and 132 CD patients), of which 14 patients were positive for CMV colitis (7.3%), and all positive CMV colitis cases were among UC patients (23.3%). However, the hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain and immunohistochemistry were negative for all patients. Most patients with CMV colitis were on steroids (71.4%), had at least one flare-up (64.3%), and were on biologic treatment (71.4%). Significant predictors of CMV colitis were hemoglobin (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.51–0.96), albumin (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–0.98), and C-reactive protein (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06) levels. Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of CMV colitis was 7.3% among patients with IBD, and no case was diagnosed in patients with CD. In addition, as all cases diagnosed using qualitative CMV PCR were negative on H and E stain and immunohistochemistry, there is need for large-scale studies to improve the diagnosis of CMV colitis.