Browsing by Author "Hanan Aldossary"

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Genome composition and genetic characterization of SARS-CoV-2
(2021) Thamer Alshammari; Razan Aldahhan; Hanan Aldossary; Zahra Alkhalifah
SARS-CoV-2 is a type of Betacoronaviruses responsible for COVID-19 pandemic disease, with more than 1.745 million fatalities globally as of December-2020. Genetically, it is considered the second largest genome of all RNA viruses with a 5′ cap and 3′ poly-A tail. Phylogenetic analyses of coronaviruses reveal that SARS-CoV-2 is genetically closely related to the Bat-SARS Like-Corona virus (Bat-SL-Cov) with 96% whole-genome identity. SARS-CoV-2 genome consists of 15 ORFs coded into 29 proteins. At the 5′ terminal of the genome, we have ORF1ab and ORF1a, which encode the 1ab and 1a polypeptides that are proteolytically cleaved into 16 different nonstructural proteins (NSPs). The 3′ terminal of the genome represents four structural (spike, envelope, matrix, and nucleocapsid) and nine accessory (3a, 3b, 6, 7a, 7b, 8b, 9a, 9b, and orf10) proteins. As the number of COVID-19 patients increases dramatically worldwide, there is an urgent need to find a quick and sensitive diagnostic tool for controlling the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in the community. Today, molecular testing methods utilizing viral genetic material (e.g., PCR) represent the crucial diagnostic tool for the SARS-CoV-2 virus despite its low sensitivity in the early stage of viral infection. This review summarizes the genome composition and genetic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2.
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of Zn(1-x)MgxO nano-compounds and ZnO/Zn(1-x)MgxO heterostructures
(2022) Ercan, Filiz; Hanin Mohammed Hassan Hamed; Ghrib, Taher; Kayed, Tarek; Ozcelik, Bekir; Ercan, Ismail; Alonizan, Norah; Abubshait, Samar A.
In this study, the structural, thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties of Zn(1-x)MgxO (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) nano-compounds obtained by the addition of MgO to pure ZnO nano-compounds obtained by solid state reaction were investigated in detail. These nanomaterials were deposited by spin coating technique in heterostructure of ZnO/Zn(1-x)MgxO. It was found by detailed structure solution that the crystal systems of nanomaterials obtained with MgO additive remained hexagonal, but the space group was transferred from P63mc to P6/mmm. The thermal gravimetry analysis shows the stability of prepared nanomaterials, the UV–Vis spectroscopy shows that the bandgap of the prepared was decreased from 3.02 to 2.52 eV with the Mg doping percentage. The Magnetization measurements at room temperature showed that all four of these Zn(1-x)MgxO nanostructures exhibited soft ferromagnetic behavior. The analysis of the ZnO/Zn(1-x)MgxO heterostructure showed that its band gap was increased from 3.69 to 3.79 eV, its carrier density was decreased from 1.14×1019 to 4.20×1013 cm−3 which introduce it as a good material to be used in optoelectronic devices field.
Synthesis of 29H,31H-phthalocyanine and chloro (29H,31H-phthalocyaninato) aluminum derivatives showed anti-cancer and anti-bacterial actions
(2022) Asma Mohammed Zamil Elsharif; Ahmed, Hanin M.; AlDuhaisan, Najla N.; Elsharif, Asma M.; Hanan Aldossary; Rehman, Suriya; Akhtar, Sultan; Khan, Firdos Alam
Continuous administration of most chemotherapeutic drugs can induce different types of side effects. There has been growing interest in exploring an alternative approach to synthesizing compounds that are most effective and have fewer side effects. We synthesized 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum at low temperatures using lithium in the present study with diisopropylamide as the nucleophile. The physical characteristics of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum were confirmed by FT-IR method, XRD, SEM, and the impact of these compounds on human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) and human cervical cells (HeLa) was examined. Treatment with 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine significantly decreased cancer cell growth and proliferation, as determined by MTT and DAPI staining analysis. In contrast, Chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum treatment did not show any inhibitory action on colon or cervical cancer cells. We also calculated the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, which was 30 µg/ml (HCT-116) and 33 µg/ml (HeLa cells). The antibacterial effectiveness of 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine, and chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum was studied using Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). The CFU (colony frequency unit) assay confirmed significant activity against the test bacterium after treatment with 29H,31H-Phthalocyanine. However, no activity was seen upon treatment with chloro (29H,31H- phthalocyaninato) aluminum against E. faecalis.
Therapeutic Intervention for Various Hospital Setting Strains of Biofilm Forming Candida auris with Multiple Drug Resistance Mutations Using Nanomaterial Ag-Silicalite-1 Zeolite
(2022) Aldossary, Hanan A.; Ebtesam Abdullah Al-Suhaimi; Jermy, B. Rabindran; AlJindan, Reem; Aldayel, Afra; AbdulAzeez, Sayed; Akhtar, Sultan; Khan, Firdos Alam; Borgio, J. Francis; Al-Suhaimi, Ebtesam Abdullah
Candida auris (C. auris), an emerging multidrug-resistant microorganism, with limited therapeutical options, is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. The current study includes 19 C. auris strains collected from King Fahd Hospital of the University and King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Dammam, identified by 18S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing. Drug-resistance-associated mutations in ERG11, TAC1B and FUR1 genes were screened to gain insight into the pattern of drug resistance. Molecular identification was successfully achieved using 18S rRNA gene and ITS region and 5 drug-resistance-associated missense variants identified in the ERG11 (F132Y and K143R) and TAC1B (H608Y, P611S and A640V) genes of C. auris strains, grouped into 3 clades. The prophylactic and therapeutic application of hydrothermally synthesized Ag-silicalite-1 (Si/Ag ratio 25) nanomaterial was tested against the 3 clades of clinical C. auris strains. 4wt%Ag/TiZSM-5 prepared using conventional impregnation technique was used for comparative study, and nano formulations were characterized using different techniques. The antibiofilm activity of nanomaterials was tested by cell kill assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. Across all the clades of C. auris strains, 4 wt%Ag/TiZSM-5 and Ag-silicalite-1 demonstrated a significant (p = 1.1102 × 10−16) inhibitory effect on the biofilm’s survival rate: the lowest inhibition value was (10%) with Ag-silicalite-1 at 24 and 48 h incubation. A profound change in morphogenesis in addition to the reduction in the number of C. auris cells was shown by SEM and light microscopy. The presence of a high surface area and the uniform dispersion of nanosized Ag species displays enhanced anti-Candida activity, and therefore it has great potential against the emerging multidrug-resistant C. auris.