Cyclic vomiting syndrome

Abstract

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) consists of recurrent paroxysms of severe nausea and vomiting separated by symptom-free periods. A 12-year-old boy presented with recurrent vomiting over a period of 3 years. Episodes occurred over a period of 6 months, and the patient remained normal for next 6 months. About 8 such episodes occurred in the last 6 months. Physical and neurological examinations were normal. All routine investigations were normal. He was started on cognitive behavioral therapy and cyproheptadine and improved gradually. CVS is considered a functional brain-gut disorder and is characterized by recurrent, sudden, stereotypical, disabling, discrete episodes of intense nausea and vomiting that can last a few hours to days interspersed with varying weeks of symptom-free intervals. Integrated treatment combining pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, psycho-educational and lifestyle aspects as well as family therapy provides the best chances of successful treatment.