Vol.3 2015 Issue 2 (May-August)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iau.edu.sa/handle/123456789/67
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Item How teachers' knowledge of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder makes difference in doctors' diagnostic decisions and management?(2015) Jenahi, ElhamKhalil, MohamedThe teacher's knowledge plays a key role in the process of assessing, screening, and diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This was a cross-sectional study aimed at surveying teachers' knowledge about attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, one of the most prevailing neurodevelopmental disorders. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirteen female elementary school teachers were randomly chosen from six regular female public and private schools in Al-Khobar in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. They completed a self-reported questionnaire on their general "factual" knowledge of the nature of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the management "action knowledge" of the condition. Factors which might affect their knowledge were also examined. Results: About 48.7% of the total sample had adequate factual knowledge, but only 27 (23.9%) showed adequate action knowledge about how to deal with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Teachers' knowledge of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (factual and action) was not significantly correlated with their years of experience, level of education (qualification) and duration of training in educational methodology. Conclusion: It was concluded that teachers in female primary schools had inadequate knowledge about attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Implications and recommendation for health and educational professional are outlined.Item Primary renal hydatid disease: An unusual case report and review of literature(2015) Verma, Nidhi; Agarwal, Poojan; Babu, SureshSingh, VishwajeetHydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus; a parasitic infestation commonly affecting liver and lung. Isolated renal involvement is rare. Unusual locations, absence of specific diagnostic tests and varied clinical and radiological presentations may pose a diagnostic challenge. High index of suspicion of this disease should be kept for any space-occupying lesion in the kidney. Early pre-operative diagnosis in combination with medical and surgical treatment may prevent dreaded complications. This case is presented here due to its rarity and to highlight the gross, microscopic, and radiological features of isolated renal hydatid disease.Item Perinephric hematoma following renal biopsy: A case report and literature review(2015) Vakrani, Girish; Babu, HarishSubramanyam, NambakamThe risks associated with performing a percutaneous renal biopsy have substantially decreased in the past two decades because of technical advances in the method. However, bleeding complications still occur, resulting in increased hospital stay, treatment costs and even mortality. The purpose of this case report is to discuss the life threatening complications like perinephric hematoma following a renal biopsy in a high risk patient with severe renal failure. The clinical, radiological findings, prognosis of a massive perinephric hematoma following a renal biopsy in a high risk patient with severe renal failure are discussed. We report a case of 39-year-old male, non-diabetic, hypertensive since 5 years who presented with unexplained severe renal failure. After dialyzing adequately, he was subjected to right renal biopsy using real time ultrasound guided automated renal biopsy gun. Post-biopsy was uneventful, until 72 h when he developed massive right perinephric hematoma following a heparin-free hemodialysis. He continued to be hypotensive despite hemostatics, blood products, plasma expander transfusion. Unfortunately, he expired before definitive management like renal angiogram and intervention was attempted. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of few reports of the occurrence of life-threatening complication like perinephric hematoma in a patient with severe renal failure on heparin free hemodialysis following a renal biopsy after 72 h.Item Another hazard to laboratory workers(2015) Bukharie, HudaGhanbar, MohammadNeedle-stick injuries, unfortunately, are a common occurrence during blood extraction and handling of specimens in the laboratory, which often lead to the contraction of blood-borne viral diseases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection also poses a threat to healthcare workers, especially laboratory workers in areas with endemic levels of tuberculosis infections. We present in this report, a case of primary inoculation of tuberculosis of the skin transmitted following a needle-stick injury, which was successfully treated. Reports of such an occurrence are few, and our report further underlines the need to take greater precautions against these accidents. In addition, our case draws attention to the possibility of prophylactic anti-tuberculous treatment in high-risk patients to prevent the progression of an overt illness.Item Perforated duodenal ulcer in the third trimester of pregnancy(2015) Amdeslasie, Fasika; Gebremariam, TeweldeBerhe, YibrahPerforated duodenal ulcer during pregnancy is rare. We report a case of 20-year-old woman who developed perforated duodenal ulcer in the third trimester of pregnancy. Surgical repair was performed with good outcome.Item Physicians and the social media(2015) Bella, HassanItem Intrathoracic Mass(2015) Elghoneimy, YasserItem Social media in healthcare: Uses, risks, and barriers(2015) Alsughayr, AbdulEstablishing a social media presence has never been more important for the healthcare industry. With patients going online to discuss their health and research their conditions, it is essential for healthcare professionals and organizations to maintain a social web presence and have a voice in these conversations. Though there are many potential benefits for social media in healthcare, there are also risks to be taken into consideration when planning to engage in these relatively new forms of media. Privacy and security are top consumer concerns on sharing health information. Social media is about dialogue, interactivity, spontaneity, people, and technology. One of the goals of social media is to help patients become better informed, equipped to participate in their care, and be able to partner with their healthcare providers to develop plans of care that meet their individual needs. This review will present important social media elements and discuss their barriers and risks.Item Severe generalized tetanus: A case report and literature review(2015) Alshahrani, Mohammed; Abdulbaser, Mohammed; El Fakarany, NazehAlfilfil, WadiahTetanus is a toxin-mediated disease produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani characterized by generalized rigidity and muscle spasms that may cause respiratory arrest and death. Tetanus typically gains access to the body through apparent or unapparent wounds. Implementation of mandatory vaccination programs has successfully decreased the prevalence of this disease worldwide. We report a case of severe, generalized tetanus in a male patient who presented to the emergency department with dysphagia and back stiffness with no clear history of any trauma, except small subungual hematoma found on physical examination. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, received the full supportive therapy for tetanus, and discharged home in good condition.Item The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among foreign workers in Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(2015) Imam, Naglaa; Fahad, RawanAbdulbaqi, ZakeyaThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a high number of foreign workers, especially those coming from endemic areas with intestinal parasites. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of parasitic infection among foreign workers in Madina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: There was direct microscopic examination of stool samples by wet smears for parasitic stages. This was followed by the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique to confirm and detect parasites not recovered by the wet mount. Results: The total number of foreign workers was 120, 47.5% of whom were males and 52.5% females. They were within the age group of 20-60 years. A total of 53 cases (44.2 %) were infected with IPs. Some samples had double or triple infections, with a total of 69 parasitic infections detected (57.5%). These included Entamoeba histolytica (27.5%), Giardia lamblia (18.8%), hookworm (14.5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (11.6%), Entamoeba coli (7.2%), Trichuris trichiura (5.8%), Strongyloides stercoralis (5.8%) and Hymenolepis nana (4.3%). Furthermore, 1.4% each of Enterobius vermicularis, Schistosoma mansoni and Taenia eggs were found. Conclusion: Foreign workers newly arrived from Asia and Africa carry high rates of IPs infection. It is necessary to increase awareness about occupational health, and the risks of parasite transmission to the local population. Moreover, strict adherence to infection prevention policies is recommended.Item The use of nano technology in medicine(2015) Al Turki, YousefItem Unusual cause of solitary pulmonary nodule(2015) Aljehani, Yasser; El-Ghoniemy, YasserAl-Ghamdi, ZeeadPapillary thyroid carcinoma is a common type of differentiated thyroid neoplasms with metastasis mostly described in the literature as occurring in the thyroid gland or in the surrounding cervical lymph nodes. We report a case of a 40-year-old lady who underwent thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma 26 years prior to her presentation for solitary pulmonary nodule. Wedge resection of the nodule is consistent with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Although it is rare to have a remote history and a solitary lesion, it is vital to keep the possibility of metastasis in mind when such a presentation occurs.Item Prevalence of dental anxiety in two major cities in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia(2015) Al-Khalifa, KhalifaThe aim was to assess the level of dental anxiety in adult patients in two major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and identify the etiological factors linked to this condition. Settings and Designs: A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire based on the modified dental anxiety scale was distributed to dental patients who attended the dental clinics of the University of Dammam and King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, respectively. The questionnaire included information about socio-demographic factors and other questions indicative of dental anxiety. Results: A total of 132 forms was received from subjects in Dammam and 144 forms from Jeddah. The level of dental anxiety in patients was relatively higher (27.5%) than other studies. In this study, patients in Jeddah showed higher levels of dental anxiety than those in Dammam (31.9% vs. 22.7%). As expected, females demonstrated a higher level of anxiety than males (19.2% vs. 8.3%). Most of the participants who had severe dental anxiety thought a bad experience at the dentist was the main cause of their anxiety. Conclusions: Dental anxiety was perceived as a problem in the sample examined. This was clearly seen irrespective of age, gender, social status, and/or place of residence. Patients' fear of dental treatment continues to pose a great threat to the dental profession. Dental professionals are encouraged to further assess the extent of this problem in order to find methods and techniques to help patients overcome it.Item Assessment of dental students' psychomotor skills using oral surgery simulation models(2015) Al-Jandan, Badr; Wajid, Gohar; Marei, Hesham; Al-Khalifa, Khalifa; Al-Eraky, MohamedAl-Masoud, NaifThe aim of this study was to determine the validity of using oral surgery simulation models as a tool to assess the psychomotor skills of dental students. Materials and Methods: All students in the 4 th year of a 6 years dental program were enrolled in the study. 23 dental students were asked to display their competency in the injection of local anesthesia and dental extraction in two summative testing environments namely; in the simulation and in the outpatient clinic. A panel of four experts assessed the students' performance during the injection of local anesthesia and tooth extraction on patients and simulation using a pre-validated checklist. Students' scores were compared in both settings. Results: The results showed no significant correlation between the scores on patients and simulation in the two settings (P = 0.759). Conclusion: The study revealed that the real patient remains the gold standard in summative assessment of dental students' psychomotor skills.